نشریه اسلام و سلامت
سال دوم شماره 3 (پیاپی 6، پاییز و زمستان 1394)

Background and Many people think that the happiness means the dance and stomp, while the real happiness should be sought in the spirit and it can be acquired through the religious beliefs and orientations. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship of spiritual intelligence and religious orientation with happiness among the students. Statistical population of this study included all bachelor’s students of Kharazmi University. Among them, 288 students were selected through stratified sampling proportional to size using Cochran formula and were asked to fill King’s spiritual intelligence questionnaire, Alport religious orientation and Oxford Happiness Scale. Data were analyzed via SPSS 22 using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression and independent t-test. The results showed that there was a significant positive relationship between spiritual intelligence (r=0/24, p=0/03) and intrinsic religious orientation (r=0/031, p=0/006) with happiness. However, there was no significant relationship between happiness and external religious orientation (r=0/11, p=0/30). Spiritual intelligence, internal and external religious orientation predicted 0.699, 0.096 and 0.062 of the happiness variance, respectively. Moreover, no significant difference was found between male and female students in terms of religious orientation, spiritual intelligence and happiness. Regression analysis showed that spiritual intelligence had the highest contribution to their tolerance. Finally, it can be said that people who have intrinsic religious orientation, only for personal interests do not pretend to be religious, and have spiritual high intelligence enjoy higher happiness.

All approaches to psychotherapy, based on their definition of psychological trauma provide a different theory in the field of treatment. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify the psychological trauma in Quran. This qualitative study was performed using the thematic analysis. Data were stories and allegorys of Quran. It was found 40 stories and 101 allegories through searching in Quranic books, websites and softwares. The data were collected, coded and classified in the form of Thematic Network during a two-year period.
Finding: The results of the thematic analysis of data indicated 336 cods, 29 subthemes, 2 basic themes and 1 global theme, respectively. The results showed that heart disease is the base of psychological trauma. It means that the heart which is the place of emotions and psychological traits of human deviates from its natural state, becomes unhealthy, and becomes the center of the negative emotions. The roots of all these negative emotions and mental disorders (megalomania, lying, hatred, jealousy, fear, greed, betrayal, stingy, ingratitude, impatience, excus-making and so on) are egocentrism and secularity. Thus, it is very essential to focuse on these two main categories on psychopathology in counseling and psychotherapy sessions.

History and Hepatitis B is the most prevalent viral infection in human and is followed by several physical, mental and social complications. Spiritual beliefs are effective in having a purposeful life and managing chronic diseases. This study aims at understanding and demonstrating the experiences of patients with hepatitis B in terms of spirituality and spiritual values in life. The present study uses qualitative content analysis as its research method. A number of 18 patients with hepatitis B are selected purposefully. In-depth and unstructured interviews are used for data collection. The interviews are recorded, scripted word by word and are analyzed using qualitative content analysis approach. Findings: By investigating the interviews and analyzing the data, "spirituality" emerged as the main theme along with four sub-themes including "illness as the divine destiny", "closeness to God", "awakeness of conscience" and "growth and prosperity". The results of the present study indicate the importance of spiritual experiences of patients with hepatitis B and that considering spirituality in life can be an effective help to accept the disease and a proper backing in order to improve physical, mental and social health. Consequently, it is recommended that in providing healthcare services, managers and the personnel pay a special attention to patient's spiritual experiences and include them in routine care program.

Paying attention to students' vitality and alacrity because of their strong effects on different aspects of students' educational life is very important. The present study investigated the effectiveness of training spiritual intelligence on academic vitality and psychological well-being of the students of Lorestan Medical Sciences University. This semi-experimental study was conducted with pre-test, post-test and follow-up design using control group for one month in winter 2014. In this study, 30 students of Lorestan Medical Sciences University were selected using available sampling method and were randomly assigned into control group (n=15) and spiritual intelligence training group (n=15). Demographic questionnaire, academic vitality questionnaire and psychological well-being questionnaire of Ryff consisting of 18 questions were administrated as pre-test. The experimental group received 12 sessions of spiritual intelligence training and the control group received no training. At the end, the post-test and 1 month later follow-up test were administrated to two groups and repeated measure was used for data analysis.
Findings: The results indicated that there was a significant difference between the experimental group and control group (p<0.001). So that, in the experimental group, the mean of the pre-test scores for the variables of academic vitality and psychological well-being was 25.47 and 69.06, respectively. In post-test they increased to 30.80 and 76.07, respectively. In the follow-up phase, they were relatively stable. The results showed that training of spiritual intelligence is effective in improving academic vitality and psychological well-being of students. Therefore, considering these variables in the form of training courses for students is recommended.

While waiting for surgery, patients often exhibit fear and anxiety, which may lead to increased pain and vital signs' instability. Religious involvement is an appropriate alternative to relieve anxiety. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between preoperative anxiety and religious beliefs for patients admitted to the selected hospitals in Qom. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 322 patients waiting for surgery in three governmental hospitals in the city of Qom via available sampling method. Data were collected using two standard questionnaires of Hamilton Anxiety Scale
(14 questions) and researcher-made religious beliefs (14 items) with reliability and validity, which were completed by trained interviewers. Finally, data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent T-test, ANOVA and Pearson correlation coefficients at the significant level of <0.05. The mean±SD of anxiety was 10.13±6.42. Among them, 7(1.9%), 314 (86%) and 44 12.1% patients had no anxiety, low anxiety and moderate anxiety, respectively. The mean±SD of religious belief was 34.30±4.18 so that 9 (2.5%), 99 (27.1%) and 257 (70.4%) had low, moderate and good religious belief, respectively. Pearson correlation coefficient showed there was a significant and inverse correlation between preoperative anxiety and religious beliefs (P=0.002, P=-0.158). The results indicated that there was a relationship between preoperative anxiety and religious beliefs, and anxiety was decreased with the increase of religious beliefs score.

The Holy Quran is a guidance book sent by the God through the Prophet Mohammad to humankind. From Islam’s point of view, health plays an essential role in human growth and maturity. Regarding the importance of the issue of health and the emphasis in the divine verses, the present study fully reviewed all 114 sura to access the verses specifically referring to the physical, psychological and social dimensions of health. This study was performed in the review-thematic method by direct checking of each and every chapters and verses of the Quran downloaded as PDF file from Google and its interpretations, reliable religious sources, Islamic articles and software in order to find the issues related to physical, mental and social health.
Findings: The findings of the study showed that in 67 sura (58.77%), the Quranic verses specifically referre to one, two or all three major dimensions of health (physical, mental, and social). The main Quranic verses of the Holy Quran are to the physical, mental and social dimensions of health ,but the total number of verses particularly focused on three main dimensions of health were 264, within which the share of social health was 101 verses (38.26%), mental health of 94 verses (35.61%) and the physical health 69 verses (26.13%). In general, it was found that there are many important health topics on the physical aspect such as eating solvent foods (livestock, grapes, pomegranates, olives, dates) and avoiding wine, carrion, blood and pork, as well as sexual hygiene in the form of legal marriage; in the psychological dimension, such as patience and affection, trust in God, peace of mind and heart assurance, avoidance of sadness and having faith that after every difficulty, there will be comfort, and ultimately in a social dimension such as giving zakat, charity, protecting orphans, avoidance of gamble and extravagance, justice, and to avoid ridiculing others all are mentioned in the Qur’anic verses.

It was concluded that many verses of the Holy Quran paid special attention to the three main dimensions of physical, mental and social health. Therefore, it seems necessary to develop further, deeper and more detailed exploitation of Quranic verses in the field of maintaining and promoting health by medical and health professionals, as well as health system planners, in collaboration between the religious and Quranic scholars.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common chronic endocrine disorder. It has significant and diverse clinical consequence including reproductive, metabolic, psychological morbidity and some cancer. It is unclear how this syndrome affects the health of PCOS women can experience symptoms of this syndrome. The aim of this study was to clarify the mental, emotional, and cognitive health concepts in women with PCOS.
Methods and Materials: This study was a qualitative study to explore and document perceptions of women with PCOS about their disease and health Concepts. Semi-structured opened interviews were conducted with 23 women with polycystic ovary syndrome and 8 specialist persons. Interviewing of the participants were continued to reach data saturation. The study was carried out at the Rohani Hospital affliated of Babol University. All the interviews were recorded and transcribed. Constant comparative analysis of the data was conducted manually according to the Strauss and Corbin analysis method. The study revealed that the most important factors affecting the health in women with PCOS. The spiritual dimension (divine providence, prayer, thinking of the hereafter, resorting to the Imams, adaptation to disease problems( the mental dimension (depression, disappointment, fear and anxiety, distraction, introversion), the emotional dimension (low self-esteem, feeling embarrassed and shameful, humiliation, and self-contemplation towards peers) and the cognitive dimension (mental engagement and concentration reduction, inability to solve a problem, inability to make decisions) were extracted. A remarkable point in this study was the effect of religious beliefs on the acceptance of the disease and become more resilient by properly addressing their spiritual health. in addition to the treatment of physical symptoms, comprehensive cares including various mental, emotional, cognitive aspects have to be planned for women affected by PCOS. They need special support from the family, health professionals and healthcare providers to improve their health. It is best to evaluate these patients regularly to meet their needs and expectations.

Although is not feed the Full reason of ethics and behavior in humans but it is ground. Given that the goal of the mission of prophets extending moral virtues. Especially the Prophet of Islam (peace be upon him and his family and him) that said their goal is to complete the mission Moral Minds, Should be examined from the perspective of the importance of nutrition teachings of Quran and Hadith. In this article identifies the relationship between revelation and ethics of feeding behavior.
In this study can be accounted for Quran and Hadith studies have generally investigated as part of the problem and has expressed its instances.
The phrase refers to the type of food that will have an impact on ethics and human behavior. Overall impact on the ethics of food supply, its quantity and its quality. Changing eating habits can be changed on the ground of morality and behavior. Therefore, by modifying dietary habits may be one community hopes to correct some of the ethical and behavioral abnormalities. Seems to be more research done in this field in the medical field.